top of page

By:

Archita Redkar

11 September 2025 at 2:30:25 pm

Odisha: Where History, Faith and Art Come Alive

Rich in heritage yet vibrant with modern energy, Odisha remains one of India’s most rewarding travel experiences. Odisha, on India’s eastern coast along the Bay of Bengal, is a land where history, spirituality, art, architecture, nature and culture come together in harmony. Often called the “Land of Temples”, the state preserves a legacy spanning more than two thousand years. From magnificent temples and ancient caves to serene lakes, golden beaches and vibrant traditions, Odisha offers an...

Odisha: Where History, Faith and Art Come Alive

Rich in heritage yet vibrant with modern energy, Odisha remains one of India’s most rewarding travel experiences. Odisha, on India’s eastern coast along the Bay of Bengal, is a land where history, spirituality, art, architecture, nature and culture come together in harmony. Often called the “Land of Temples”, the state preserves a legacy spanning more than two thousand years. From magnificent temples and ancient caves to serene lakes, golden beaches and vibrant traditions, Odisha offers an unforgettable journey into India’s heritage. Located between West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh and the Bay of Bengal, Odisha enjoys a unique geographical setting. Its capital, Bhubaneswar, is known as the “Temple City of India” for its concentration of ancient shrines. The landscape includes coastal plains, rivers, forests, hills, wetlands and wildlife sanctuaries. Among its natural wonders is Chilika Lake, Asia’s largest brackish-water lagoon, home to migratory birds and the rare Irrawaddy dolphin. Odisha’s history is closely linked with the ancient kingdom of Kalinga. The region gained worldwide significance through the Kalinga War of 261 BCE between Emperor Ashoka and the people of Kalinga. The devastation of the conflict inspired Ashoka to embrace Buddhism, helping spread its message of peace across Asia. Over the centuries, Odisha flourished under dynasties such as the Mahameghavahanas, Somavamshis, Eastern Gangas and Gajapatis, leaving behind a rich legacy of temples, monuments and artistic achievements. Among Odisha’s greatest treasures is the sacred Jagannath Temple in Puri. Built in the 12th century by King Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty, it is dedicated to Lord Jagannath, a form of Vishnu, and is one of Hinduism’s four Char Dham pilgrimage sites. Renowned for its wooden deities of Jagannath, Balabhadra and Subhadra, the temple symbolises inclusiveness and universal spirituality. Every year, millions gather for the grand Rath Yatra, when the deities are carried through the streets on enormous chariots. The Konark Sun Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the finest examples of mediaeval Indian architecture. Built in the 13th century by King Narasimhadeva I, it was designed as a colossal stone chariot dedicated to Surya, the Sun God. Twelve intricately carved wheels and seven stone horses appear to pull the temple across the heavens. Its sculptures depict dancers, musicians, celestial beings, animals and scenes from daily life, reflecting the artistic and cultural richness of ancient Odisha. In Bhubaneswar, the Lingaraj Temple stands as a masterpiece of Kalinga architecture. Dating to the 11th century, this Shiva temple remains an important pilgrimage centre. Nearby, the Mukteswar Temple is admired for its carved gateway, while the Rajarani Temple is renowned for its graceful sculptures. Beyond its temples, Odisha offers numerous historical and natural attractions. The Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves provide insights into the region’s early religious history, while Puri is celebrated for both its sacred temple and golden beaches. Nature lovers are drawn to Similipal National Park, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve known for its forests, waterfalls, elephants, tigers and biodiversity. Odisha’s artistic heritage is among the richest in India. Temple sculptures, renowned for their beauty and symbolism, depict gods, dancers, warriors, animals and scenes from daily life. Odisha is also the birthplace of Odissi, one of India’s oldest classical dance forms, inspired by temple sculptures. Traditional arts such as Pattachitra painting, silver filigree work, stone carving, appliqué crafts and handloom weaving continue to flourish. The state’s vibrant festivals add another dimension to its cultural identity. While the Rath Yatra is its most famous celebration, festivals such as Raja Parba, Boita Bandana, Chandan Yatra, Durga Puja, Makar Mela and the Konark Dance Festival showcase Odisha’s traditions, maritime heritage and artistic excellence. In recent years, Odisha has emerged as one of India’s most dynamic tourism destinations. Improved infrastructure, enhanced air connectivity, heritage conservation initiatives and ecotourism projects have increased its appeal to travellers worldwide. The state has successfully promoted heritage, wildlife, beach and tribal tourism while preserving its unique cultural character. The best time to visit Odisha is between October and March, while travellers wishing to experience the Rath Yatra can plan their visit during June or July. Odisha is far more than a destination; it is a living museum of India’s history, faith, art and natural beauty. Whether marvelling at the stone chariot of Konark, experiencing the devotion of Puri, exploring the temples of Bhubaneswar or watching dolphins in Chilika Lake, visitors discover a state that leaves an enduring impression. Rich in heritage yet vibrant with modern energy, Odisha remains one of India’s most rewarding travel experiences. (The writer is a tourism professional and runs a company, Global Voyages. She could be contacted at goglobalvoyages@gmail.com. Views personal.)

Bharat’s Jetson Cities, Light-years Away from Nature

Updated: Jan 20, 2025

Jetson Cities

One thing is for certain: our Bharatiya cities, the big metros and towns, are fast becoming like the ‘Jetson’ cities. For those who are unaware of Jetson cities, these were first shown in the famous Hanna-Barbera cartoon series, the Jetsons, set in the 2100s, where cities are air-tight glass globules tethered to the ground, and the only way to get in and out are the flying cars. Yes, we, the city-dwellers, aspire to tall skyscrapers, spectacular bridges, world-class tunnels, swooshing metro trains, and we are building Jetson-like flying cars. A few HD drone images here and there, during the day and at night and around twilight, and we are content that our cities have become the cynosure of our own eyes. We want our cities to be brightly lit, with neon signs, laser shows, and large billboard videos. We would then fulfil our inner desire to have a city on par with Tokyo, New York, and Shanghai.


Our buildings, designed for the next 30 years, are well air-conditioned, shielding occupants from a soupy dust bowl of brown smog, soot, particulate matter, and fine dust. It is said that most new home buyers invest at least 10% of their property’s price in enhancing the interiors, soundproofing their homes, using air purifiers and conditioners, and disconnecting from the outside world for that much-needed solace. Indeed, large builders promote their projects as close to nature amidst tranquillity. However, there is always another builder eager to get one plot of land ahead of yours to enjoy that nature. To be truthful, access to nature now comes at a premium - even the skies.


Let’s assume the working-age population is occupied in the leisure of our Jetson cities, but how many of their young school and college-going kids have seen the long arm of the Milky Way galaxy from their cities? How many have witnessed a comet zooming by? How many know about endemic plants with medicinal properties? When did they last see a chirping house sparrow? How many know that the nearest sewage drain was once a freshwater stream? When did they last find their suburban beach prettier than the resort beaches of Maldives?


The intent to ask these questions is simple: Bharat is currently at a crossroads. Pundits are enthusiastic about a cultural renaissance on the horizon. Corporate leaders, on the other hand, want us to invest hundreds of hours each week to pay our dues to the growth of the national GDP. But no one asks, if a cultural renaissance is to occur, who will generate the new understandings and insights of nature that arise typically during such a period of human advancement? No one is actually asking, for whom are we building the nation if there is no time for children, or worse, if there is no time or intent to have children. In the process of growing rich, we are about to become old. By 2047, 65% of the population under the age of 35 will grow beyond 35 all at once, and we’d have an enormous population in advanced ages with a tapering young population, a graph that looks like a banyan tree. Unfortunately, that young population will have no access to the knowledge that nature has to offer, neither flora and fauna nor the seas and the skies.


Our urbane lifestyles need tempering. Such tempering can occur only if we ensure the revival of natural sciences during this period of cultural renaissance and nation-building. Let’s not rely solely on the educational system. With Indian Knowledge Systems, constructive changes are underway, and academic curricula are poised to improve for the greater good. However, true knowledge arises only when parents and grandparents introduce children to nature. Genuine understanding also develops from extracurricular activities in schools and colleges that encourage kids to observe, journal, and act on their discoveries. On the positive side, our country’s forest cover is increasing, as announced by the government. However, efforts must be made to ensure that every school or college, whether in Mumbai, Vijayawada, Gorakhpur, Ratlam, Thrissur, Bhuj, Faridabad, Imphal, Manali, Cuttack, or Ajmer, guarantees that their students are well aware of the endemic nature of their surroundings and are regularly observing and recording data on whatever interests them. Let kids observe rivers and understand the volume of water that flows through them. Let children learn about the decline of house sparrows in their cities and what steps should be taken to revive their populations. Let them study the bees in their nearby groves and recognise the vital role these bees play in nature.


Of course, you need to learn AI, robotics, fintech, the next generation of management courses, and all the engineering bells and whistles. However, we must not leave the next generation with inadequate comprehension and skills for understanding nature. We must ensure that nature conservation is not merely lip service or a tool for politicised green activists. This can be achieved if natural sciences are given the respect they deserve at the school, undergraduate, and postgraduate levels.


Indeed, I am a plebeian, and you might feel that you, too, could write a rant about the plight of our urban lives. Urban development and municipal experts have many solutions to propose, but few are willing to take action. However, that is not the issue I wish to highlight. I aim to illustrate a much larger concern—that Indian city dwellers are disoriented and devoid of nature, lacking a guiding star to lead them toward a brighter future. Our cities of Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, and Chennai have taken on characteristics reminiscent of Jetson-like cities. We show little regard for the Nagar Devata, Gram Devata, and Van Devata, who have protected the cities, towns, and forests that once surrounded us. We wait for formal governance to clean up our beaches, rivers, and ponds without making sufficient efforts to prevent pollution in the first place.


For those striving to grasp spirituality not through the Puranas and Aadi-Granth but through new-age podcasts, I recommend watching Vinay Varanasi’s podcast on Bhagavan Vishnu’s Dashavatar. If it is clear that Bhagavan Vishnu does not tolerate disregard for Bhudevi or Mother Earth, why do we, the devotees of Bhagavan Vishnu, continue to pollute our Mother Earth—her air, soil, waters, and sounds? Or have we taken Elon Musk's words at face value, assuming our next destination is Mars after destroying Earth, only to ruin Mars later, even worse than its current clinically sterile state? If that is the case, then bear with me when I say this: these Jetson cities stand on precarious pillars of ego, victimhood, apathy, and consumerism, waiting to be toppled either by the true harbingers of order or by false prophets. Therefore, teach the next generations to observe nature, appreciate our coexistence with other species, and venerate the forces of nature. By doing so, we humans will be good, at least for the next thousand years. If not, prepare for a bleak future by the end of this century.


(The author is a Space and Emerging Technology Fellow at the Centre for Security, Strategy and Technology, Observer Research Foundation, Mumbai. Views personal.)

Comments


bottom of page