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By:

Bhaskar Nath Biswal

13 May 2026 at 8:30:30 pm

Why India’s Classrooms Must Teach Money

When Jio’s IPO drew a record one crore applications, the market celebrated a milestone. Millions of ordinary households, many of them first-time investors, are now willing to put their savings into the stock market. Yet in many classrooms, when a teacher mentions the news, students nod politely without understanding what an IPO is, why a share has a price or what one crore applications means. That gap between a nation that is investing and a generation that does not understand investing is...

Why India’s Classrooms Must Teach Money

When Jio’s IPO drew a record one crore applications, the market celebrated a milestone. Millions of ordinary households, many of them first-time investors, are now willing to put their savings into the stock market. Yet in many classrooms, when a teacher mentions the news, students nod politely without understanding what an IPO is, why a share has a price or what one crore applications means. That gap between a nation that is investing and a generation that does not understand investing is the real story here. Ineffective Education Financial education in India remains an afterthought. Our schools spend years on algebra, trigonometry and chemical equations, but a student can complete twelve years of schooling without learning how compound interest works, how a loan is priced or why inflation quietly erodes savings. Commerce and economics are electives, usually chosen by only a section of students, and even there, the treatment is often theoretical, built around definitions to memorise rather than decisions to make. Surveys by India’s financial regulators and independent agencies have repeatedly found that only about one in four adults is financially literate. Official bodies such as the Reserve Bank of India, SEBI and the National Centre for Financial Education have launched awareness drives and a national strategy, and these deserve credit. But awareness campaigns reach people after they have already started making money decisions, often badly. The IPO boom shows that finance is no longer a closed club of brokers in Mumbai. The sector now offers careers in wealth management, financial planning, equity research, risk analysis, insurance, banking, fintech, regulation and data-driven investing. Many of these roles need not be confined to metros or elite institutions but require trained, trustworthy people in every district, including smaller cities, where demand for honest financial guidance far exceeds supply. A student who learns early how markets work may become an analyst, a certified planner, an entrepreneur or a policymaker. Even a student who chooses a completely different path will benefit in daily life. A young person who understands budgeting, saving, insurance and credit is less likely to fall into a debt trap, a loan-app scam or a ‘guaranteed returns’ scheme sold on social media. At the national level, the case is stronger still. A financially aware population channels savings into productive investment instead of idle cash or unproductive gold, strengthens capital markets and becomes more resilient during economic shocks. A country aspiring to become a major economy cannot afford to have most of its citizens sitting out the system that drives that growth. Ground Reality The difficulty is that good intentions meet a crowded curriculum, overworked teachers and an examination-centred culture. Most teachers have never been trained to explain money matters, and textbooks that cover them can feel dry and disconnected from real life. Rural and small-town students face a further barrier, since access to practical exposure, such as a demat account, a mutual fund SIP or even a bank visit, is limited. There is also a risk running in the opposite direction. A wave of influencers now promotes trading as a shortcut to wealth, and young people, excited by stories of quick gains, rush into risky products without grasping them. The very surge that makes the Jio IPO so impressive could, without guidance, produce a generation burned by speculation and put off investing for life. India needs to move from occasional awareness camps to structured financial education that runs through schooling. Basic concepts such as saving, interest, budgeting and risk should be woven into mathematics and social science from the middle-school years, with a dedicated, practical subject in senior secondary classes. Colleges, whatever the stream, should offer a compulsory introductory course in personal finance so that engineers, artists and doctors alike leave with a working understanding of money. Regulators, banks and market institutions can partner with schools to provide trusted material in regional languages. Above all, the focus should be on judgement, not jargon: teaching young people to ask where returns come from, what the risks are and who benefits from the advice. One crore applications for a single IPO should inspire pride, but also responsibility. If we want such participation to be informed rather than impulsive, and our young people to see finance as a rewarding career rather than a mystery, we must begin where every lasting change begins: in the classroom. (The writer is a former college Principal and Founder of Supporting Shoulders, an Odisha-based non-profit Trust. Views personal.)

Bharat’s Jetson Cities, Light-years Away from Nature

Jan 18, 2025
5 min read

Updated: Jan 20, 2025

Jetson Cities

One thing is for certain: our Bharatiya cities, the big metros and towns, are fast becoming like the ‘Jetson’ cities. For those who are unaware of Jetson cities, these were first shown in the famous Hanna-Barbera cartoon series, the Jetsons, set in the 2100s, where cities are air-tight glass globules tethered to the ground, and the only way to get in and out are the flying cars. Yes, we, the city-dwellers, aspire to tall skyscrapers, spectacular bridges, world-class tunnels, swooshing metro trains, and we are building Jetson-like flying cars. A few HD drone images here and there, during the day and at night and around twilight, and we are content that our cities have become the cynosure of our own eyes. We want our cities to be brightly lit, with neon signs, laser shows, and large billboard videos. We would then fulfil our inner desire to have a city on par with Tokyo, New York, and Shanghai.


Our buildings, designed for the next 30 years, are well air-conditioned, shielding occupants from a soupy dust bowl of brown smog, soot, particulate matter, and fine dust. It is said that most new home buyers invest at least 10% of their property’s price in enhancing the interiors, soundproofing their homes, using air purifiers and conditioners, and disconnecting from the outside world for that much-needed solace. Indeed, large builders promote their projects as close to nature amidst tranquillity. However, there is always another builder eager to get one plot of land ahead of yours to enjoy that nature. To be truthful, access to nature now comes at a premium - even the skies.


Let’s assume the working-age population is occupied in the leisure of our Jetson cities, but how many of their young school and college-going kids have seen the long arm of the Milky Way galaxy from their cities? How many have witnessed a comet zooming by? How many know about endemic plants with medicinal properties? When did they last see a chirping house sparrow? How many know that the nearest sewage drain was once a freshwater stream? When did they last find their suburban beach prettier than the resort beaches of Maldives?


The intent to ask these questions is simple: Bharat is currently at a crossroads. Pundits are enthusiastic about a cultural renaissance on the horizon. Corporate leaders, on the other hand, want us to invest hundreds of hours each week to pay our dues to the growth of the national GDP. But no one asks, if a cultural renaissance is to occur, who will generate the new understandings and insights of nature that arise typically during such a period of human advancement? No one is actually asking, for whom are we building the nation if there is no time for children, or worse, if there is no time or intent to have children. In the process of growing rich, we are about to become old. By 2047, 65% of the population under the age of 35 will grow beyond 35 all at once, and we’d have an enormous population in advanced ages with a tapering young population, a graph that looks like a banyan tree. Unfortunately, that young population will have no access to the knowledge that nature has to offer, neither flora and fauna nor the seas and the skies.


Our urbane lifestyles need tempering. Such tempering can occur only if we ensure the revival of natural sciences during this period of cultural renaissance and nation-building. Let’s not rely solely on the educational system. With Indian Knowledge Systems, constructive changes are underway, and academic curricula are poised to improve for the greater good. However, true knowledge arises only when parents and grandparents introduce children to nature. Genuine understanding also develops from extracurricular activities in schools and colleges that encourage kids to observe, journal, and act on their discoveries. On the positive side, our country’s forest cover is increasing, as announced by the government. However, efforts must be made to ensure that every school or college, whether in Mumbai, Vijayawada, Gorakhpur, Ratlam, Thrissur, Bhuj, Faridabad, Imphal, Manali, Cuttack, or Ajmer, guarantees that their students are well aware of the endemic nature of their surroundings and are regularly observing and recording data on whatever interests them. Let kids observe rivers and understand the volume of water that flows through them. Let children learn about the decline of house sparrows in their cities and what steps should be taken to revive their populations. Let them study the bees in their nearby groves and recognise the vital role these bees play in nature.


Of course, you need to learn AI, robotics, fintech, the next generation of management courses, and all the engineering bells and whistles. However, we must not leave the next generation with inadequate comprehension and skills for understanding nature. We must ensure that nature conservation is not merely lip service or a tool for politicised green activists. This can be achieved if natural sciences are given the respect they deserve at the school, undergraduate, and postgraduate levels.


Indeed, I am a plebeian, and you might feel that you, too, could write a rant about the plight of our urban lives. Urban development and municipal experts have many solutions to propose, but few are willing to take action. However, that is not the issue I wish to highlight. I aim to illustrate a much larger concern—that Indian city dwellers are disoriented and devoid of nature, lacking a guiding star to lead them toward a brighter future. Our cities of Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, and Chennai have taken on characteristics reminiscent of Jetson-like cities. We show little regard for the Nagar Devata, Gram Devata, and Van Devata, who have protected the cities, towns, and forests that once surrounded us. We wait for formal governance to clean up our beaches, rivers, and ponds without making sufficient efforts to prevent pollution in the first place.


For those striving to grasp spirituality not through the Puranas and Aadi-Granth but through new-age podcasts, I recommend watching Vinay Varanasi’s podcast on Bhagavan Vishnu’s Dashavatar. If it is clear that Bhagavan Vishnu does not tolerate disregard for Bhudevi or Mother Earth, why do we, the devotees of Bhagavan Vishnu, continue to pollute our Mother Earth—her air, soil, waters, and sounds? Or have we taken Elon Musk's words at face value, assuming our next destination is Mars after destroying Earth, only to ruin Mars later, even worse than its current clinically sterile state? If that is the case, then bear with me when I say this: these Jetson cities stand on precarious pillars of ego, victimhood, apathy, and consumerism, waiting to be toppled either by the true harbingers of order or by false prophets. Therefore, teach the next generations to observe nature, appreciate our coexistence with other species, and venerate the forces of nature. By doing so, we humans will be good, at least for the next thousand years. If not, prepare for a bleak future by the end of this century.


(The author is a Space and Emerging Technology Fellow at the Centre for Security, Strategy and Technology, Observer Research Foundation, Mumbai. Views personal.)

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