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By:

Ruddhi Phadke

22 September 2024 at 10:17:54 am

Racial Harmony Over Viral Hate

Amid a surge in online ‘anti-Indian’ narratives, Singapore’s decisive intervention has offered a model that many Western democracies have often shied away from. Last week, Singapore ordered three major social-media platforms to block access to 14 posts believed to have originated in China. The content allegedly targeted the Indian community and sought to chip away at the city-state’s carefully cultivated model of multiculturalism. The move was striking not only for its speed, but for its...

Racial Harmony Over Viral Hate

Amid a surge in online ‘anti-Indian’ narratives, Singapore’s decisive intervention has offered a model that many Western democracies have often shied away from. Last week, Singapore ordered three major social-media platforms to block access to 14 posts believed to have originated in China. The content allegedly targeted the Indian community and sought to chip away at the city-state’s carefully cultivated model of multiculturalism. The move was striking not only for its speed, but for its clarity. Where many Western democracies often vacillate between lofty free-speech rhetoric and the messy realities of online hatred, Singapore chose decisiveness. Faced with content that appeared designed to inflame racial tensions, the government moved swiftly to shield a vulnerable community and signal that digital platforms would not be allowed to become incubators of ethnic hostility. As per reports, the police have issued directions to YouTube, Facebook, and X, to take all reasonable steps to prevent Singapore users from accessing the content. At a time when racial hatred, fake news and foreign influence operations have become increasingly sophisticated, Singapore has sent an unequivocal message: any attempt to divide its society along racial lines will be met with swift and decisive action. Overseas Mischief Singapore’s Second Minister for Home Affairs, Edwin Tong, said the content appeared to have originated overseas. He stressed that the government would not tolerate narratives aimed at undermining racial harmony, especially when driven by foreign actors. Singapore invoked the Online Criminal Harms Act 2023 (OCHA), which allows authorities to issue rapid “Disabling Directions” to internet intermediaries to curb content deemed harmful to public safety and social harmony. According to the authorities, anti-India narratives began circulating last month in Chinese-language online spaces. The posts claimed that Singapore was being overrun by Indians and that official promotion of diversity was merely an attempt to curry favour with the West. More troublingly, some argued that Singapore's stability owed little to its multicultural success story and everything to the ethnic Chinese majority, implying that social harmony rested on demographics rather than shared citizenship. Other posts questioned the loyalty of Singapore’s Indian politicians, suggesting they would place the interests of Indian immigrants above those of the country. The rhetoric then grew more overtly exclusionary. Some posts portrayed Singaporean culture as fundamentally Chinese and warned that a growing Indian presence, coupled with what they described as Singapore’s drift away from China, would have dire consequences for the city-state. Demeaning References The campaign relied heavily on selective imagery: photographs of Indian festivals in crowded public spaces and videos from neighbourhoods with large Indian populations, many apparently filmed on weekends when migrant workers were off duty. Sans context, the material appeared designed to reinforce negative stereotypes and inflame resentment against Singapore’s Indian community. The language was often openly derogatory. A report in ‘The Straits Times’ alleged that some posts had compared the growth of Singapore’s Indian population to an increasing “concentration of curry,” among other demeaning references. Such language left little doubt about the campaign’s intent. Singaporean authorities suspected a coordinated effort and said the content appeared to have originated on a China-based platform. What stands out, however, is not merely the source of the campaign but the speed of the response. The government did not wait for online hostility to spill onto the streets. Nor did it allow the debate to become so polarised that it would be difficult to contain. Instead, it intervened early, treating the threat as a matter of public order rather than merely online discourse. That matters to India. As the country’s global footprint expands, so too does the visibility of its diaspora. Indians today lead multinational companies, universities, research institutions and governments across the world. Success brings opportunity, but it can also invite resentment. In the age of social media, such hostility can be amplified with unprecedented speed and reach. Digital Interference Whether other countries will follow Singapore’s example remains an open question. If any country understands the dangers of digital interference, it is India. New Delhi has seen firsthand how online platforms can shape narratives, influence public opinion and, in some cases, create national-security concerns. That understanding partly informed its 2020 decision to ban dozens of Chinese applications, including TikTok, on grounds of sovereignty and security. The broader point was clear: the digital world is not separate from the real one. Online platforms are not merely channels of communication; they can also serve as instruments of influence, manipulation and interference. In that respect, Singapore’s response closely mirrors India’s own understanding of the risks posed by digital ecosystems. Many Western democracies have taken a different approach, often preferring to tolerate inflammatory content in the name of free expression. Singapore chose otherwise. It viewed the material not simply as offensive speech but as content directed at a specific community and capable of undermining social cohesion. Implicit in that assessment was the belief that anti-Indian racial agitation was not merely a social problem but potentially a national-security concern. The lesson extends far beyond Singapore. In an era when propaganda travels faster than verified facts and divisive narratives can reach millions within minutes, governments can ill afford to underestimate the disruptive power of digital interference or the real-world consequences that may follow.

Choking Mumbai

For decades, Mumbai was perceived as a rare urban oasis, where the saline sweep of the Arabian Sea blunted the worst ravages of India's air pollution. That illusion has now been dispelled. A meticulous four-year study by Respirer Living Sciences (RLS), using data from its AtlasAQ platform, reveals the bleak truth that the city’s air is thick with pollutants all year round, with no ‘clean season’ left.


Mumbai’s annual average levels of PM10 (particulate matter ten microns or less in diameter) have consistently breached the national safety threshold of 60 micrograms per cubic metre (μg/m³). This is not merely a seasonal malaise tied to cooler winter months, as once assumed. Alarmingly, the city’s pollution levels persist even through the hot season, a time when improved atmospheric dispersion should offer natural reprieve.


Across the city - from Chakala in Andheri East to Deonar, Kurla, Vile Parle West and Mazgaon - pollution has become an unrelenting, ubiquitous presence.


The culprits are well known: traffic emissions from a burgeoning number of vehicles; unregulated dust from frenzied construction; industrial activity in and around the ports; and a conspicuous lack of dust control measures. Mumbai’s ceaseless growth now risks becoming a chronic liability.


Worryingly, the regulatory response remains sluggish. Mumbai’s urban planning continues to treat clean air as a peripheral concern, not a foundational necessity. Development plans rarely integrate environmental impact assessments in a meaningful way.


A sharper, citywide strategy is urgently needed. Dust suppression rules at construction sites must be enforced strictly, with financial penalties for violators and incentives for best practices. Traffic management systems should be overhauled to ease congestion and encourage the use of public transport. Expansion of clean, reliable mass transit network needs to be urgently prioritised. In addition, comprehensive real-time air monitoring at the ward level should be deployed, enabling authorities to respond to localised pollution spikes swiftly rather than relying on citywide averages that conceal dangerous hotspots.


Longer-term, clean air targets must be hardwired into the city’s master planning and transport policies. Green buffers along major traffic corridors, stricter emission norms for commercial vehicles and incentives for rooftop gardens and urban afforestation could all play a part. Industrial zones near port areas should be subjected to rigorous air quality compliance measures, not token self-certifications. Private developers and large infrastructure firms, often among the worst offenders, must be made stakeholders in the clean air mission through binding regulations.


Mumbai’s commercial dynamism - as a magnet for migrants, entrepreneurs and investors - depends not just on glittering skyscrapers but on something far more basic: the ability to breathe. Unless clean air becomes an unshakeable priority, the city risks suffocating its own future. For a metropolis that prides itself on its resilience against terror attacks, monsoon floods and economic shocks, the real test will be whether it can muster the will to fight an invisible, pervasive enemy slowly corroding the lives of its 20 million citizens.

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