Reassessing Diabetes’ Dominant Paradigm
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is commonly attributed to insulin resistance, defined as impaired responsiveness of skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver to insulin. Although the concept is deeply embedded in modern metabolic medicine, it remains largely inferential and descriptive. This paper critically examines conceptual, physiological, and epidemiological limitations of the insulin resistance paradigm. It argues the model lacks a demonstrated unifying mechanism capable of...
