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By:

Rajendra Pandharpure

15 April 2025 at 7:55:54 pm

Pune’s drought could dry up business

Water rationing threatens to hit the city’s wedding industry, construction sector, retail trade and livelihoods. Pune : Pune is beginning to feel the economic sting of drought. A 10 percent cut in the city’s water supply has already been implemented, and the municipal administration has indicated that the reduction could rise to 20 percent or more over the next two to three months. What appears at first to be a water-management crisis could soon become a wider economic problem, affecting...

Pune’s drought could dry up business

Water rationing threatens to hit the city’s wedding industry, construction sector, retail trade and livelihoods. Pune : Pune is beginning to feel the economic sting of drought. A 10 percent cut in the city’s water supply has already been implemented, and the municipal administration has indicated that the reduction could rise to 20 percent or more over the next two to three months. What appears at first to be a water-management crisis could soon become a wider economic problem, affecting businesses, construction activity, employment and household budgets. The Pune Municipal Corporation has begun shutting off the water supply every Thursday. Swimming pools and vehicle-washing centres have been closed, while the use of water for construction has been prohibited. The state government has directed the civic administration to ensure that the reserves in the Khadakwasla dam chain, which supplies Pune, last until August 2027. The challenge could become more acute in the months ahead. Meteorological experts have forecast a milder winter and significantly higher temperatures this year. If these predictions hold true, increased evaporation could place further pressure on the city's water reserves, potentially necessitating stricter rationing. For residents accustomed to a relatively abundant water supply, cuts of 20 percent or more would demand a substantial adjustment in daily life. Intense Pressure The economic consequences are beginning to emerge. The closure of vehicle-washing centres has deprived young people employed in low-skilled jobs of their livelihoods. Swimming-pool closures have similarly affected security guards and lifeguards. These may appear to be small, isolated losses, but they expose a larger problem: when water-intensive businesses are forced to shut down, the burden falls disproportionately on workers with few financial reserves and limited employment alternatives. The impact could spread to Pune’s lucrative wedding industry. The wedding season traditionally gathers momentum after Tulsi Vivah in the month of Kartik, generating business worth more than Rs. 200-250 crore. Pune has long attracted affluent families from outside the city who prefer its venues and facilities for wedding celebrations, partly because of its historically reliable water supply. Persistent restrictions could undermine that advantage. Wedding venues, caterers, hotels and other service providers depend on a dependable water supply to operate. If rationing becomes more severe, organisers may reconsider their choice of venue, while businesses could face higher operating costs and disruptions. An industry that generates substantial seasonal revenue also supports a network of workers and small enterprises, making the potential economic fallout wider than the immediate loss of bookings. Rural-Urban Connection Pune’s commercial fortunes are also linked to the health of the rural economy. A good agricultural harvest typically improves rural incomes, supporting spending on goods and services in urban markets. When farm earnings weaken, that spending tends to contract, affecting traders, retailers and other businesses. If rural incomes remain subdued, the city’s commercial sector could face an additional headwind at a time when water scarcity is already threatening business activity. The interaction between agricultural distress and urban water shortages could therefore deepen the economic slowdown. Construction presents another major vulnerability. Like many large cities, Pune depends heavily on real estate and infrastructure development to sustain economic activity and employment. Construction projects generate demand across a broad network of industries, from building-material suppliers and transport operators to contractors and daily-wage workers. A prolonged restriction on construction-related water use could delay projects, raise costs and disrupt work schedules. If projects stall, the effects will extend beyond developers to workers, suppliers and businesses that depend on the real estate sector. Rising Inflation For ordinary citizens, the prospect of tighter water rationing comes amid an already difficult cost-of-living situation. Food and restaurant prices have risen sharply. A cup of tea now costs more than Rs. 30, while a serving of idli-sambar can exceed Rs. 90. Even street food, traditionally an affordable option for working people, has become increasingly expensive. These prices illustrate the pressure on household budgets, particularly those of workers whose incomes have not kept pace with rising costs. If water shortages push up operating expenses for restaurants, caterers and other businesses, consumers could face further increases. The extent of any additional price rise will depend on how severe and prolonged the restrictions become. The working class is particularly exposed. Workers in vehicle-washing centres, swimming pools, construction and allied services may lose income precisely when everyday necessities are becoming more expensive. Unlike larger businesses, many such workers have little capacity to absorb a prolonged interruption in earnings. Pune’s immediate challenge is to conserve enough water to carry the city through the coming months. Yet the implications of the drought extend well beyond household taps and civic supply schedules. Trade, real estate, hospitality and seasonal businesses all depend, directly or indirectly, on the availability of water. The two sectors facing particular uncertainty are trade and real estate. The former could suffer from weaker consumer spending and disruptions to commercial activity; the latter could be affected by restrictions on construction and the risk of project delays. The consequences would be felt across employment and the wider urban economy. Pune’s residents and businesses have not had to contend with water cuts of 20 percent or more on a sustained basis. Adapting to such restrictions will be difficult, especially if temperatures rise and the drought persists.

India’s Oldest Queer Film Festival DIALOGUES Returns: A Sneak Peek

Writer: Shoma A. Chatterji
Shoma A. Chatterji
Nov 28, 2024
3 min read

Updated: Nov 29, 2024

DIALOGUES

Sappho for Equality, Pratyay Gender Collective, and Goethe-Institut/Max Mueller Bhavan collectively organise DIALOGUES, the oldest queer film festival every year. It is the oldest queer film festival in India, running since 2007. This is a non-ticketed, non-commercial festival aimed at raising awareness of queer and trans-lived experiences.


Over two days, the festival will screen 14 films from countries like Germany, Turkey, India, Pakistan, and Vietnam, amongst others. It will present different genres such as short films, documentaries, feature films, romance, and docu-features. Free passes for entry access for everyone have been arranged.


DIALOGUES was launched in 2007 as an annual cultural event in Calcutta that left a void when it came to queer films, and more importantly, a conversation around it. The festival focuses on showcasing feature films, shorts, and videos from national and international filmmakers on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender communities, providing a much-needed platform for independent film and video from India and abroad.


From organising the last print screening on 16mm projection at the Fassbinder retrospective to hosting retrospectives on Derek Jarman and Agnes Varda, DIALOGUES has covered a chequered path. Though the primary identity of DIALOGUES is that of a queer film festival, it is consistently seeking to include socially relevant themes across the spectrum. The festival is a celebration of writers, directors, and actors and their work dealing with gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and intersex themes and issues-but does not limit itself to narrow definitions of these identities. DIALOGUES believes that the Film Festival is yet another tool in the larger struggle.


Let us take a peek at two of the films on the schedule, Wakhri and Jodi.


Wakhri, from Pakistan, directed by Iram Parveen Bilal is an Urdu language film. It talks about Noor, a young widow who leads a double life. During the day, she is a committed teacher in a primary school. At night, she is an important member of Lahore’s queer nightclub scene. On the one hand, she is worried about the reduction in the number of girls admitted to the school, while on the other, she dreams of establishing a full-fledged women’s school that runs against established social norms. She combines within her a life she loves to lead in secret and the mission to open a school with her own funding. How is this possible? Though her best friend Gucchi pushes her in her endeavours, social media spills over, and she finds her world collapsing around her.


Jodi, meaning “If” in Bengali and directed by Tathagata Ghosh, has just returned from a big tour of big film festivals armed with awards. “If” is a 26-minute short film that presents a short, subtle, but very powerful film on love between two young women still looked down upon by the urban middle class to which these two young women, Jaya and Fatima, belong. Jaya is a typically middle-class young girl who is secretly in love with Fatima, a Muslim young girl who lives a free life, smoking, and drinking, and is liberated and not constrained by old values like Jaya. Jaya and Fatima, two women in love, are separated because of Jaya's marriage arranged by her conservative father. Finally, they seek their own solution to the problem.


Says Ghosh about the film, “For me, the film is about relationships more than anything else. I simply wanted to create a feeling of love and loss within the audience. I have grown up watching films by Rituparno Ghosh, and this film is in that direction, I can say. Films like "Unishe April," "Raincoat," "Abohoman," "Memories in March," and even Aparna Sen's "Paromitar Ekdin" were my inspirations. I wanted to build that world I have seen around me, a middle-class Bengali household, and the characters in them. I wanted the film to feel like a Bengali short story, like the ones I have grown up reading. The writings of Pratibha Basu, Moti Nandy, and Sunil Ganguly among others have had a huge impact on me. This film is for the souls who have loved and lost and gone through that feeling of helplessness when our loved ones move away from us. So that was my motivation and inspiration, I can say.”


The directors might not be gay themselves but are empathetic with the issues faced by these groups just because they think, feel, and experience life differently. Let us wish them all the happiness they deserve. Films portraying gay and lesbian relationships in Indian cinema are of two kinds. One represents the truly Indian films, while the other comes from diaspora filmmakers from South Asia. Interestingly, the message they carry is similar.


(The author is a senior film critic based in Kolkata. Views personal.)

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